Lo mlinganiselo ixesha kwi-zasekuhlaleni umyalelo, isi-Italian ichaza ukuduka a ilungelo ezibangela ukuba ukususela ukungaphumeleli asebenzise a ezithile ngokwe xeshaI-prescription, ngakumbi precisely, iqulathe kwi-ukuduka a zombhali kuphela ilungelo ngenxa yakhe ukungaphumeleli asebenzise kuba ethile ngokwe xesha, omiselwe ngumthetho (ngokuqhelekileyo iminyaka elishumi). Kwi-isemthethweni ulwimi, xa ndithetha prescription, thelekisa, kuba uninzi isiqingatha, prescription, kodwa elithi prescription ngu ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa ukuba sibonakalise opposite phenomenon (apho kumzekelo i bubizwa prescription acquisitive, okanye adverse ulawulo). Mba ilawulwa ngumthetho amanqaku - ka-Zasekuhlaleni Ikhowudi. Ixesha ixesha iyaguquguquka ngokunxulumene ezahlukeneyo iimeko apho ufaka kokuqwalasela naziphi na prescription.
Apho umthetho akanalo nantoni na ukuze ixesha ixesha kuyimfuneko ngeenjongo statute ka-kwemida usebenza, kwemida xesha kuba nokuqheleka, apho ufumana ishumi leminyaka.
I-real amalungelo kwi yintoni abanye uza kusebenza elide ixesha no amabini eminyaka. Zininzi imizekelo iimfuno 'mfutshane' (v. I-institute of prescription, ifumanise yayo raison d'être kuba iimfuno zomthetho ukuqiniseka: ukuba ilungelo holder akakwazi ukusebenzisa kuba inkqubo eyandisiweyo ngokwe xesha, esemthethweni ukuze kuqoqoqsho ithuba ukukhusela inzala ka - taxable mntu hayi ukuba abe obligated kuba i-engaqinisekanga ngokwe xesha, ngakumbi precisely, kubalulekile extinguished i-obligation kodwa ilungelo esebenzayo isihloko somgaqo-ibango ukuba taxable umntu uyavumelana. Oku kanjalo ukukhusela abo sele ngqo uzalisekisiwe yakhe obligation, ukusukela, ngexesha umgama leminyaka, kubalulekile akusoloko kulula kuvavanya yayo yokusebenza (sele ezilahlekileyo izinto zifunyenwe, kwaye nayiphi na amangqina azifumaneki okanye musa khumbula, njl. Hayi onke amalungelo ingaba isihloko: hayi ngokulawulwa prescription, inalienable amalungelo, okanye amalungelo ekhoyo, kodwa kanjalo osebenzayo ukuvumela wavakalisa inalienable ngumthetho. Phakathi inalienable amalungelo kukho amalungelo personality, ubume usapho kwaye parental uxanduva phezu kwabantwana. Phakathi amalungelo ezikhoyo non-prescription ingaba ilungelo ipropati (apho, kodwa, ngokulawulwa institute of prescription acquisitive: adverse ulawulo), ilungelo umgangatho indlalifa (awathi kanjalo meets apha umda we kunokwenzeka adverse nokuba yi na wesithathu nganye nganye hereditary ipropati kwaye unelungelo banga ubunyani i-nullity ka-isivumelwano. Ukuba, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa isebenzisa okanye uhlobo nkonzo, okanye kuba hlobo okanye indawo uphumezo, imfuneko yokuba ixesha, kuya, kubekho isivumelwano, omiselwe ngumthetho umgwebi. Intshukumo ye fixing igama ukufezekisa, nangona kunjalo, ngokulandelelanayo ngokulawulwa prescription routine iminyaka elishumi. I-prescription i obligation yi-tort iqala ukusebenza ukususela ngomhla we-oko ngenxa yokuba waba kwetyala. I-nengqeqesho ye-prescription linegunya: pacts aimed ngeli end ingaba null kwaye boolean okanye kuyenzeka ukunika phezulu prescription ade oku asikuko accomplished. I-waiver akukho mfuneko yokuba ube zichaziwe, kodwa unako kanjalo kuba ngenxa conclusive iinyaniso, incompatible kunye banqwenela ukuba avail ngokwabo ye-prescription. Kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni umthetho, statute ka-kwezixhobo zokusebenza yi lohlobo ngaphandle kwabafundi inxalenye: azinako sifunyenwe ngo inkundla, kodwa kufuneka osebenzayo ukuvumela thathwa ngokuthi umntu ochaphazelekayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba nabani na olilungu sued kuba ukuzalisekiswa kwale i-obligation emiselwe, ingaba mthwalo ukuseka ngokwayo kwi-nkqubo (ngokuthi kuthethwa ye-defender, xa kufuneka) kwaye wenze ngaphandle kwabafundi kwi-word. Imizekelo iimfuno ukuba ingaba shorter ngabo enxulumene umonakalo othe lwayo oluvela a wrongful act (emva kweminyaka fact), imbuyekezo yabasebenzi i-umonakalo yintsholongwane i-circulation ka-izithuthi (emva kweminyaka isiganeko), amalungelo lwayo oluvela nemvumelwano weziganeko zeenqanawa kwaye lezothutho (unyaka, okanye ishumi elinesibhozo iinyanga ukuba ezibanzi zezothutho iqala okanye end ngaphandle Yurophu, iqala kwi arrival e kuyo umntu okanye ukusuka usuku kunokwenzeka ingozi, okanye ukuba le nto engaziwayo - ukususela mhla kokuba wenziwe, okanye ibizakuba kubuyela le nto ngalo kwindawo indawo). Olu hlobo prescription, umnxeba phantsi indlela, kumi i-prescription presumptive, apho isebenza a procedural imeko. Usebenza ubudlelwane phakathi - ukuba ingaba elikhankanyiweyo ngumthetho - apho ukuduka ka ityala (ingakumbi, intlawulo ixabiso a impahla okanye inkonzo) inje lwenziwa kwixesha elifutshane. Kule meko, debtor ukuba states, umzekelo, kuba uzalisekisiwe yakhe yokusebenza, kodwa ke ayikho ulawulo lwazo afanelekileyo ubungqina (umz emveni kokufumana intlawulo), nibe ngokulula kulinganiselwa objecting kwi inkundla kwi-creditor ukuba ngempumelelo prescription presumptive. Njengoko ngenxa kunjalo ukuba obligation ngu 'presumed' ngabangasekhoyo. Kuyinto presumption, hayi i-absolute (iuris et de iure), kodwa ehambelanayo (iuris tantum), oko kukuthi, enako koyisa yi-ubungqina ukuba ephikisana. Nangona kunjalo, oku uvavanyo ngu iqulethe kuphela 'isifungo kwezigqibo': i-creditor icela debtor ukuba afunge ukuba ngenxa yokusebenza wenziwe extinguished ukuba debtor swears (ngaphandle ukumona kwi-mthetho zoko a ubuxoki isifungo(aph. wolwaphulo-code), umgwebi, igqiba imbambano, ndiya jonga juror yi-umntu, ngaphandle ekubeni nako ukuba uhlole reliability kwaye veracity. I-ngaphandle kwabafundi prescription, presumptive, nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kubekelwa ecaleni ukuba omnye lowo opposes ngayo, nangona kunjalo, ingaba ungeniswe kwi inkundla ukuba obligation alifumanisanga sele extinguished. Imiqathango ye-prescription kusenokuba 'ugxothiwe' (umzekelo, ixesha zemfazwe, ukwenza idolo, we-military nkonzo, okanye idolo ye-interdicted kuba mental infirmity kuba ixesha apho abakho inkqubo esemthethweni ummeli), okanye 'interrupted'. Kwi-ulwandiso ka-ixesha elidlulileyo phambi interruption ngu sum kunye omnye ukuba uqhubekeka kwi ukusebenza emva kokupheliswa we sizathu kuba ulwandiso. Kwi-yaphula, emva nganye injongo interruption kwakhona iqala esitsha seminyaka prescription. I-outage phakathi kwawo ezintathu iimeko: kwimeko apho ukuvulwa uxwebhu instituting yeenkqubo, prescription iya kuhlala phambili kuba yonke isihlalo, kude kube isivakalisi ukuba uchaza akekho okokuba isihlalo. Imigaqo (aph kwaye cod. civ.) kwaye anike indlela yokukhetha yobalo ixesha: oku akusebenzi thatha ingxelo iqala umhla ixesha (umzekelo, umhla apho kwaba ekhohlo ukuba le ilungelo imbuyekezo yabasebenzi) kwaye igama layo xa ufuna end ngomhla wokugqibela oko kuquka. Ukuba deadline layo kwi-iholide kawonke-wonke, kubalulekile ukuba yandiswe ilungelo elandelayo zeentsuku. Le end, njengoko wayeya kuba ngokuqhelekileyo kulindeleke ukuba intsimi ka-procedural mimiselo, isabatha uthathwa njengokuba zeentsuku (umthetho no. amabini-anesixhenxe ka-meyi, kwaye emva izilungiso kuwo, apho lately umthetho hayi. amabini kweyenkanga wama-). Prescription ukuba iinyanga kwenzeka kwinyanga wokuphelelwa kwaye ngomhla le ehambelana ukuba wenyanga sokuqala. Ukuba kwi-afanelekileyo inyanga lacks loo mini, igama elithi uzalisekisiwe kunye yokugqibela imini enye inyanga.
Amanye amalungelo zinikezelwa kuba prescription significantly shorter kuthelekiswa ne-nokuqheleka prescription ka-iminyaka elishumi.
Oko prescribes kwi-ezintandathu, ilungelo hoteliers kwaye innkeepers kuba igumbi kwaye ibhodi baya kunika, kwaye inkqubo enye xesha, ilungelo bonke abo nika lodging kunye okanye ngaphandle board.
